Experiência de gestão no CREAS em interlocução com a análise institucional / Management experience in CREAS in dialogue with institutional analysis / Experiencia de gestión en CREAS en diálogo con el análisis institucional

Resumo Este texto tem como objetivo refletir acerca da experiência em um cargo de gestão do Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social (CREAS) de uma cidade de grande porte de Minas Gerais, por meio do exame de suas possibilidades instituintes. A reflexão sobre a experiência parte de um processo de supervisão seguido de intervenções realizadas com os(as) técnicos(as) do serviço, com base nas trocas oriundas das reflexões entre teoria e prática. A partir das ideias de René Lourau sobre a Análise Institucional, examinamos a dinâmica institucional presente em cada situação problema e o jogo de forças opostas que se enunciam em contradições nas práticas cotidianas. Além disso, utilizamos concepções de Deleuze e Guattari para pensar os modelos presentes e as linhas de invenção que surgiram entre os profissionais. No percurso, destacamos a separação dos(as) técnicos(as) por núcleo, o que perpassa o trabalho de gestão e a própria atuação no CREAS, atuação que é aqui tratada como um analisador. As conclusões apontam para a importância de empreender leituras institucionais na atuação das equipes na Política de Assistência Social em direção a ações coletivas, pois a atuação do psicólogo ainda apresenta uma série de desafios nesse contexto.(AU)

Abstract This article discusses the management experience in a Specialized Referral Center for Social Assistance (CREAS) from a large city of Minas Gerais, examining its instituting possibilities. To this end, we supervised and performed interventions with the service technicians considering the exchanges between theory and practice. The institutional dynamics in each problem-situation and the opposing forces in contradictions seen in everyday practices were examined in the light of the Institutional Analysis, as discussed by René Lourau. Moreover, the present models and invention lines emerging among professionals were thought through the ideas of Deleuze and Guattari. We verified the division of technicians into nuclei, which crosses the management work and their performance in CREAS, being thus consider as an analyzer. The results indicate the importance of Social Assistance Policy towards collective actions in sustaining institutional readings in team performance, as the psychologist's performance still meets a series of challenges in this context.(AU)

Resumen Este texto pretende reflexionar sobre la experiencia en una posición gerencial del Centro de Referencia Especializado en Asistencia Social (CREAS) en una gran ciudad de Minas Gerais (Brasil), examinando sus posibilidades instituyentes. La reflexión sobre la experiencia se inicia con un proceso de supervisión y presenta intervenciones realizadas con los/as técnicos/as del servicio a partir de los intercambios que surgen de estas reflexiones entre la teoría y la práctica. A partir de las ideas de René Lourau sobre el Análisis Institucional, se analizan las dinámicas institucionales presentes en cada situación problemática y el conjunto de fuerzas opuestas que se enuncian en contradicciones en las prácticas cotidianas. Además, se utiliza el pensamiento de Deleuze y Guattari para pensar los modelos actuales y las líneas de invención que surgieron entre los profesionales. En el camino, se destaca la separación de los/as técnicos/as por núcleos que recorre el trabajo de gestión y el propio desempeño de CREAS, tratándolo como un analizador. Se concluye que es importante mantener las lecturas institucionales en el desempeño de los equipos de la Política de Asistencia Social hacia las acciones colectivas, ya que el desempeño del psicólogo todavía presenta una serie de desafíos en este contexto.(AU)

Team Science, Justice, and the Co-Production of Knowledge.

Science increasingly consists of interdisciplinary team-based research to address complex social, biomedical, public health, and global challenges through a practice known as team science. In this article, I discuss the added value of team science, including participatory team science, for generating scientific knowledge. Participatory team science involves the inclusion of public stakeholders on science teams as co-producers of knowledge. I also discuss how constructivism offers a common philosophical foundation for both community psychology and team science, and how this foundation aligns well with contemporary developments in science that emphasize the co-production of knowledge. I conclude with a discussion of how the co-production of knowledge in team science can promote justice.

Cultivating Community Psychology for Future Generations: Symbiosis, Synergy, and Separation.

As we near the fiftieth anniversary of the founding of a community psychology division of the American Psychological Association, there are reasons to be concerned about the sustainability of the field. This commentary proposes a need for deliberate, systematic efforts to cultivate settings that can sustain the field. A framework for outreach to build symbiotic relationships and synergistic collaborations with persons who do not identify as community psychologists is proposed. Simultaneously, a strategy of separation from other disciplines may be needed in some circumstances to conserve settings that sustain the field. Finding a balance in these strategies is necessary to cultivate community psychology for future generations.

Reflections on a Community Psychology Setting and the Future of the Field.

The 50th anniversary of the Swampscott Conference offers an opportunity to reflect on a community psychology setting, The Consultation Center at Yale, that was formed in response to the 1963 Community Mental Health Act and the 1965 Swampscott Conference. The Center has flourished as a community psychology setting for practice, research, and training for 39 of the 50 years since Swampscott. Its creation and existence over this period offers an opportunity for reflection on the types of settings needed to sustain the field into the future.

Assessment of positive parenting programmes in the Autonomous Region of the Basque Country (Spain) / Evaluación de programas de parentalidad positiva en la comunidad autónoma del País Vasco (España)

This paper presents the results of a study aimed at identifying and assessing positive parenting programmes and activities carried out in the Autonomous Region of the Basque Country (ARBC), Spain. The study is a development of the III Inter-institutional Family Support Plan (2011), drafted by the Basque Government's Department of Family Policy and Community Development, and its aim is to offer a series of sound criteria for improving existing programmes and ensuring the correct design and implementation of new ones in the future. It analyses 129 programmes and gathers data relative to institutional management and coordination, format, quality of the established aims, adaptation to the theoretical proposal for an Optimal Positive Parenting Curriculum, scientific base, use of the framework of reference for competences, working method, assessment techniques, budgets and publicity, among others. The results highlight the good quality of the programmes' aims and content, and the poor systematic assessment of these same aspects. The study concludes with a series of recommendations for improving the initiatives, integrated into a proposal for a system of indicators to assess and implement positive parenting programmes

En este trabajo se presentan los datos de un estudio de identificación y valoración de programas y actividades de parentalidad positiva llevados a cabo en el ámbito de la comunidad autónoma del País Vasco (CAPV). El estudio constituye un desarrollo del III Plan Interinstitucional de Apoyo a la Familia (2011), elaborado por la Dirección de Política Familiar y Desarrollo Comunitario del Gobierno Vasco, y su objetivo es ofrecer criterios sólidos para mejorar los programas existentes y para lograr un correcto diseño e implementación de nuevos programas en el futuro. En el estudio se analizan 129 programas y se obtienen datos relativos a la gestión y coordinación institucional, formato, calidad de los objetivos, ajuste a la propuesta teórica del currículo óptimo de parentalidad positiva, fundamentos científicos, utilización del marco de referencia de las competencias, metodología de trabajo, prácticas de evaluación, presupuestos, publicidad, etc. Entre los resultados destacan la buena calidad de los objetivos y contenidos de los programas y la baja práctica de evaluación sistemática de los mismos. El trabajo concluye con una serie de recomendaciones para mejorar los programas, integradas en la propuesta de un sistema de indicadores para la evaluación e implementación de programas de parentalidad positiva

This is Not a History Lesson; This is Agitation: A Call for a Methodology of Diffraction in US-Based Community Psychology.

Agitation, as deployed by the Industrial Areas Foundation (IAF), occurs when imaginations and curiosities are piqued, and self-interest is made visible. In this framework, agitation is a step in creating change. In this paper, I outline two agitations within US-based community psychology. I then describe a third agitation that is underway; I add my voice and call for a methodology of diffraction as a contribution to critical reflexivity practices within US-based community psychology. Consistent with the IAF framework, I do not provide solutions. I write this paper as a provocation to help us think imaginatively and creatively about our actions and future, so that we can consider the paradigm shifts needed to move into critical ways of understanding connection, responsibility, accountability, and creating change-of interest during Swampscott and today.

"It's the Way That You Do It": Developing an Ethical Framework for Community Psychology Research and Action.

In the 50 years since the 1965 Swampscott conference, the field of community psychology has not yet developed a well-articulated ethical framework to guide research and practice. This paper reviews what constitutes an "ethical framework"; considers where the field of community psychology is at in its development of a comprehensive ethical framework; examines sources for ethical guidance (i.e., ethical principles and standards) across multiple disciplines, including psychology, evaluation, sociology, and anthropology; and recommends strategies for developing a rich written discourse on how community psychology researchers and practitioners can address ethical conflicts in our work.

Swampscott in International Context: Expanding Our Ecology of Knowledge.

In this paper, I offer reflections as someone from outside the United States about the Swampscott conference. I refer to Fryer and Fox's (The Community Psychologist, 24, 2014, 1) critique of the "Swampscott discourse" and its role in fixing the birthplace of community psychology. While the critique is important, I note the growing references to international community psychology and the need to view the discipline as a product of social political realities in different contexts, as well as dynamics of dominance and marginality in knowledge production in psychology. The work in the Global South presents opportunities to contribute to developing a decolonizing community psychology through expanding the ecology of knowledge.

Taking a Stand: The Next 50 Years of Community Psychology.

On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of community psychology, the author looks backwards in community psychology literature and to each side in other allied disciplines to suggest three fundamental issues that are in need of critical reflection and re-evaluation as we move toward the next 50 plus years of our field. These fundamental issues are: Defining community psychology, Doing community psychology, and Perfecting community psychology.

Prioritizing the Local in an Era of Globalization: A Proposal for Decentering Community Psychology.

In this article, I outline a proposal for decentering the field of United States-based community psychology. Transnational migrations, border crossings, and proliferating neoliberal trade and global media characterize the contemporary moment we live in. These movements challenge any monolithic disciplinary narrative of community psychology. Drawing from liberation psychology and women of Color feminisms, I argue that decentering the field involves engendering more reciprocal, nonhierarchical relations between the core and peripheries of knowledge production. Specifically, I consider the decentering project in two related realms-content and agents of knowledge production. The first issue concerns the kind of research and theorizing we engage in, the issues or topics we investigate, and the subject populations we work with. The second issue pertains to the agents who engage in the aforementioned processes, exercising epistemic power, that is the authority to construct what is considered legitimate and valid knowledge. I conclude with the implications of the decentering project for a multistranded community psychology that is responsive to the cartographies of contemporary struggles.

Enabling the transferability of complex interventions: exploring the combination of an intervention's key functions and implementation.

OBJECTIVES: Several public health interventions are not described, not evaluated and not transferred. The objective was to assess the feasibility and acceptability of using a description model making a distinction between interventions' transferable elements, and those that are more context-specific, to make their evaluation and transferability easier. METHODS: The theoretical distinction between an intervention function and its form in a specific context has been empirically explored. A community-based intervention (named "Ciné-Ma-Santé") has been described, using a "key function/implementation/context" model. This process has been co-constructed through qualitative research and knowledge exchange process between project leaders and researchers from different disciplines. RESULTS: The use of the model proves feasible and useful for both project leaders and researchers. Nine key functions were described, as well as their implementation and the features of the intervention context. CONCLUSIONS: Rendering explicit key functions of public health interventions could constitute a useful step to their evaluation and transfer. It enables the formulation of hypotheses regarding the potentially standardizable elements of interventions, and elements that can be modified while maintaining the integrity of the intervention.

Influence of social motivation, self-perception of social efficacy and normative adjustment in the peer setting / Influencia de la motivación social, la percepción de eficacia y el ajuste normativo en el ajuste entre iguales

BACKGROUND: the first objective of this study was to adapt and test the psychometric properties of the Social Achievement Goal Scale (Ryan & Shim, 2006) in Spanish adolescent students. The second objective sought to analyse the influence of social goals, normative adjustment and selfperception of social efficacy on social adjustment among peers. METHOD: A total of 492 adolescents (54.1% females) attending secondary school (12-17 years; M = 13.8, SD = 1.16) participated in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were performed. RESULTS: The validation confirmed the three-factor structure of the original scale: social development goals, social demonstration-approach goals and social demonstration-avoidance goals. The structural equation model indicated that social development goals and normative adjustment have a direct bearing on social adjustment, whereas the social demonstration-approach goals (popularity) and self-perception of social efficacy with peers and teachers exert an indirect influence. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the Social Achievement Goal Scale (Ryan & Shim, 2006) yielded optimal psychometric properties. Having a positive motivational pattern, engaging in norm-adjusted behaviours and perceiving social efficacy with peers is essential to improving the quality of interpersonal relationships

ANTECEDENTES: el primer objetivo fue adaptar y comprobar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Metas Sociales -Social Achievement Goal- (Ryan & Shim, 2006) en adolescentes españoles escolarizados. El segundo objetivo buscó analizar la influencia de las metas sociales, el ajuste normativo y la autopercepción de eficacia social sobre el ajuste social entre iguales. MÉTODO: participaron 492 adolescentes (54.1% chicas) de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (12-17 años; M= 13.8; DT= 1.16). Se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios y modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. RESULTADOS: la validación confirmó la estructura de la escala original, en tres factores: metas sociales de desarrollo, metas de popularidad y metas sociales de evitación. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales indicó que las metas sociales de desarrollo y el ajuste normativo influyen de manera directa sobre el ajuste social; las metas sociales de popularidad y la autopercepción de eficacia en el desempeño social con compañeros y profesores influyeron indirectamente. CONCLUSIONES: la versión española de la Escala de Metas Sociales -Social Achievement Goal- (Ryan & Shim, 2006) arrojó óptimas propiedades psicométricas. Disponer de un patrón motivacional positivo, mostrar conductas ajustadas a las normas y percibirse eficaz en el desempeño social con los iguales es clave para mejorar la calidad de las relaciones interpersonales

Coping, rumination and posttraumatic growth in people affected by an earthquake / Afrontamiento, rumiación y crecimiento postraumático en personas afectadas por un terremoto

BACKGROUND: In this article, the evaluation of a structural model that seeks to identify predictors and mediators of posttraumatic growth (PTG) of people affected by a natural disaster is presented. METHOD:The sample was composed of 349 adult men and women who experienced the earthquake and tsunami on February 27, 2010 in Chile. A modeling with structural equations was used, contrasting two predictive models of PTG. The latent variables assessed were subjective severity, social sharing of emotion, intrusive rumination, deliberate rumination, problem-focused coping and posttraumatic growth. RESULTS:The best fit was obtained with the model that shows a direct influence of the subjective severity, problem-focused coping, and deliberate rumination in the presence of PTG. Problem-focused coping mediated the relation between subjective severity and social sharing with PTG. In turn, deliberate rumination mediated the relation of problem-focused coping and intrusive rumination with PTG.CONCLUSIONS: The results show the relevant role of cognitive processes such as deliberate rumination and behavioral processes such as problem-focused coping in the presence of PTG

ANTECEDENTES: este artículo presenta la evaluación de un modelo estructural que busca identificar predictores y mediadores de crecimiento postraumático (CPT) en personas afectadas por un desastre natural. MÉTODO: la muestra estuvo conformada por 349 hombres y mujeres adultos que vivieron el terremoto y tsunami del 27/F del 2010 en Chile. Se empleó modelamiento con ecuaciones estructurales contrastando 2 modelos predictivos de CPT. Las variables latentes fueron la subjetive severity, social sharing, rumiación intrusiva, rumiación deliberada, afrontamiento centrado en el problema y CPT. RESULTADOS: el mejor ajuste se obtuvo con el modelo que muestra una influencia directa de la severidad subjetiva, el afrontamiento centrado en el problema y la rumiación deliberada en la presencia de CPT. El afrontamiento centrado en el problema medió la relación de la severidad subjetiva y compartir social con el CPT; a su vez, la rumiación deliberada medió la relación del afrontamiento centrado en el problema y la rumiación intrusiva con el CPT. CONCLUSIONES: los resultados muestran el rol relevante de procesos cognitivos como la rumiación deliberada y procesos conductuales como el afrontamiento centrado en el problema en la presencia de CPT

Nuevas aproximaciones en detección de mentiras I. Antecedentes y marco teórico / New approaches in deception detection i. Background and theoretical framework

Tradicionalmente, la investigación en detección de mentiras ha asumido que, al mentir, el ser humano muestra espontáneamente indicios conductuales. Sin embargo, las recientes integraciones meta-analíticas constatan que tales indicios no abundan. Esto ha imprimido un cambio de rumbo en la investigación, que ha tomado dos vías distintas: (a) el desarrollo de estrategias activas de entrevista para detectar mentiras y (b) el empleo de indicios contextuales (en lugar de conductuales) de la mentira. Éste es el primero de dos artículos en los que revisamos esta investigación. Empezamos describiendo las orientaciones tradicionales, así como las evidencias que las cuestionan y que justifican el cambio de orientación, y argumentamos que las nuevas estrategias activas de entrevista deben fundamentarse en modelos teóricos sólidos y coherentes de base cognitiva. En el siguiente artículo (de esta misma sección monográfica), se describen específicamente estrategias concretas de entrevista para detectar mentiras, así como la orientación de los indicios contextuales

Deception detection research has traditionally assumed that when humans deceive they spontaneously display tell-tale behavioural indicators. However, recent meta-analytical integrations reveal that such indicators do not abound. This has produced a shift in deception research, which has taken two different directions: (a) the development of active interviewing strategies to detect deception, and (b) the use of contextual (rather than behavioural) indicators of deception. This paper is the first of two articles where we review this research. We begin by describing the traditional approaches, as well as the evidence that questions these approaches and justifies the shift in focus. We also argue that the new active interviewing approaches should be grounded on solid and coherent cognitive models. In the subsequent article (published in this same issue), specific interviewing strategies to detect deception will be described along with the contextual indicia approach

Cidadania e cidadania organizacional: questões teóricas e conceituais que cercam a pesquisa na área / Citizenship and organizational citizenship: conceptual and theoretical questions concerning the research field / Ciudadanía y ciudadanía organizacional: cuestiones conceptuales y teóricas sobre el campo de la investigación

A investigação da cidadania e cidadania organizacional é marcada por uma grande complexidade em sua conceitualização. Apesar da polissemia da definição do construto, muitos autores concordam na definição da cidadania organizacional enquanto comportamentos que não fazem parte da definição formal do cargo, podem ou não ser recompensados e são benéficos à organização. Assim, a ideia mais presente nos estudos de cidadania organizacional está ligada aos comportamentos de colaboração dos indivíduos para com outros indivíduos e para com a empresa, porém este conceito não abarca toda complexidade do construto. Este trabalho buscou a aproximação entre o conceito de cidadão organizacional com as perspectivas mais modernas sobre o tema. Apontando, assim, a tendência de modificação do construto à luz das mudanças sociais, políticas e econômicas que colaboram para o desenvolvimento de estudos teóricos e empíricos favorecendo o contínuo repensar de uma definição mais clara sobre a cidadania organizacional. (AU)

Citizenship and organizational citizenship investigations are characterized by the great complexity in its conceptualization. Despite the polysemy of the definition of the construct, many authors agree on the definition of organizational citizenship as behaviors that are not part of the formal definition of the job position, may or may not be rewarded, and are beneficial to the organization, thus, the most common idea in studies of organizational citizenship behavior is linked to the collaboration of individuals to other individuals and to the company, but this concept does not cover the whole complexity of the construct. Thus, this study aimed the rapprochement between the concept of organizational citizen with modern perspectives on the topic, highlighting the trend of the construct’s modification given social, political and economic changes that contributes to the development of theoretical and empirical studies, promoting the continued rethinking of a clearer definition of organizational citizenship. (AU)

La investigación de La ciudadanía y la ciudadanía organizacional se caracterizan por la gran complejidad en su conceptualización. A pesar de lapolisemia de la definición del constructo, muchos autores coinciden en la definición de ciudadanía organizacional como comportamientos que no sonparte de la definición formal del posición laboral, pueden o no ser recompensados, y son beneficiosos para la organización, por lo tanto, la idea más común en los estudios de comportamiento de ciudadanía organizacional está ligada a la colaboración de los individuos ante otras personas y de la empresa, pero este concepto no cubre toda la complejidad de la construcción. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo el acercamiento. entre el concepto de ciudadano organizacional con perspectivas modernas sobre el tema, destacando la tendencia de la modificación de la construcción dados los cambios sociales, políticos y económicos que contribuyen aldesarrollo de los estudios teóricos y empíricos, promoviendo el repensarcontinuo de una definición más clara de la ciudadanía organizacional. (AU)

Cidadania e cidadania organizacional: Questões teóricas e conceituais que cercam a pesquisa na área / Citizenship and organizational citizenship: Conceptual and theoretical questions concerning the research field / Ciudadanía y ciudadanía organizacional: Cuestiones conceptuales y teóricas sobre el campo de la investigación

A investigação da cidadania e cidadania organizacional é marcada por umagrande complexidade em sua conceitualização. Apesar da polissemia da definição do construto, muitos autores concordam na definição da cidadania organizacional enquanto comportamentos que não fazem parte da definição formal do cargo, podem ou não ser recompensados e são benéficos à organização. Assim, a ideia mais presente nos estudos de cidadaniaorganizacional está ligada aos comportamentos de colaboração dosindivíduos para com outros indivíduos e para com a empresa, porém este conceito não abarca toda complexidade do construto. Este trabalho buscou aaproximação entre o conceito de cidadão organizacional com as perspectivas mais modernas sobre o tema. Apontando, assim, a tendência de modificação do construto à luz das mudanças sociais, políticas e econômicas que colaboram para o desenvolvimento de estudos teóricos e empíricos favorecendo o contínuo repensar de uma definição mais clara sobre a cidadania organizacional...

Citizenship and organizational citizenship investigations are characterized by the great complexity in its conceptualization. Despite the polysemy of the definition of the construct, many authors agree on the definition of organizational citizenship as behaviors that are not part of the formal definition of the job position, may or may not be rewarded, and arebeneficial to the organization, thus, the most common idea in studies oforganizational citizenship behavior is linked to the collaboration of individuals to other individuals and to the company, but this concept does not cover the whole complexity of the construct. Thus, this study aimed the rapprochement between the concept of organizational citizen with modern perspectives on the topic, highlighting the trend of the construct’s modification given social, political and economic changes that contributes to the development of theoretical and empirical studies, promoting the continued rethinking of a clearer definition of organizational citizenship...

La investigación de La ciudadanía y la ciudadanía organizacional se caracterizan por la gran complejidad en su conceptualización. A pesar de lapolisemia de la definición del constructo, muchos autores coinciden en la definición de ciudadanía organizacional como comportamientos que no sonparte de la definición formal del posición laboral, pueden o no ser recompensados, y son beneficiosos para la organización, por lo tanto, la idea más común en los estudios de comportamiento de ciudadanía organizacional está ligada a la colaboración de los individuos ante otras personas y de la empresa, pero este concepto no cubre toda la complejidad de la construcción. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo el acercamiento. entre el concepto de ciudadano organizacional con perspectivas modernas sobre el tema, destacando la tendencia de la modificación de la construcción dados los cambios sociales, políticos y económicos que contribuyen aldesarrollo de los estudios teóricos y empíricos, promoviendo el repensarcontinuo de una definición más clara de la ciudadanía organizacional...

Evaluación de las habilidades sociales: estructura factorial y otras propiedades psicométricas de cuatro medidas de autoinforme / Assessing social skills: the factorarial structure and other psychometric properties of four self-report measures

La evaluación de las habilidades sociales por medio de medidas de autoinforme sigue realizándose con instrumentos desarrollados en los años 70, como el "inventario de asertividad de Rathus" (RAS), el "Inventario de aserción" (AI) o la "Escala de autoexpresión universitaria" (CSES). Este estudio llevado a cabo con 421 estudiantes universitarios (76,5% mujeres) halló las estructuras factoriales de dichos instrumentos así como el nuevo "Cuestionario de habilidades sociales" (CHASO-I). Las soluciones factoriales obtenidas fueron de 6, 8, 11 y 12 factores respectivamente. La fiabilidad (dos mitades de Guttman y alfa de Cronbach) de todos los cuestionarios fue alta y las correlaciones entre el CHASO-I y el resto de los cuestionarios fueron moderadas. Se encontraron diferencias de sexo en la puntuación total del RAS y en los factores de «Hablar o actuar en público/ interaccionar con superiores», "Interaccionar con personas que me atraen" e "Interaccionar con desconocidos", con los hombre más habilidosos que las mujeres, y en el factor "Pedir disculpas/Reconocer errores propios" con las mujeres más habilidosas que los hombres. El estudio concluye señalando algunos problemas comunes a las medidas de autoinforme de las habilidades sociales así como algunas virtudes del nuevo CHASO-I

The self-reporting of social skills continues to be assessed through the assertiveness inventories developed in the 1970s, such as the Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAS), the Assertion Inventory (AI), and the College Self Expression Scale (CSES). The study report here involved 421 university students (7, 5% women) and obtained the factor structures for the aforementioned instruments, plus the new Social Skills Questionnaires (SSQ-I) (Cuestionario de habilidades sociales, CHASO-I). The factorial solutions obtained were 6,8, 11 and 12 factors, respectively. The reliability (Guttman split-half and Cronbach’s alpha) of all the questionnaires was high, and the correlations between the CHASO-I and all the other questionnaires were moderate. The sex differences found involved the total scores Of the RAS and the factors "Speakings or performing in public/Interacting with figures in authority", "Interacting with persons I am attracted to", and "Interacting with strangers", with men being more skilled than women, and the factor "apologizing/recognizing their own mistakes", with women being more skilled than men. The study concluded by recognizing certain common problems affecting the self-report measures of social skills, as well as certain advantages of the new CHASO-I

Relación de las habilidades sociales con la ansiedad social y los estilos/trastornos de la personalidad / The relationship between social skills and social anxiety and personality styles/disorders

La relación entre las habilidades sociales (HHSS) y la ansiedad social (AS) ha sido planteada conceptualmente pero poco estudiada a nivel empírico. Más escasos son los trabajos sobre la relación entre las HHSS y los estilos/trastornos de la personalidad (TTPP). El presente trabajo pretende hallar las posibles relaciones entre las HHSS por una parte, y la AS y los estilos/TTPP, por la otra, en una muestra mayoritariamente de estudiantes universitarios. Las correlaciones entre las puntuaciones totales de los instrumentos de HHSS y AS fueron de moderadas a altas y negativas, es decir, que a menor habilidad social mayor AS y viceversa. Se obtuvo también este mismo nivel de correlaciones al analizar las dimensiones específicas de cada constructo, lo que muestra que hay aspectos que se comparten entre las HHSS y la AS. Por otra parte, las relaciones entre HHSS y TTPP varían según el estilo/trastorno de personalidad específico. La mayoría de las correlaciones son negativas, excepto para los estilos/trastornos histriónico, narcisista, obsesivo compulsivo y antisocial de la personalidad. Estos resultados ofrecen apoyo a una parte importante de las características interpersonales de cada uno de los trastornos de la personalidad

The relationship between social skills and social anxiety has been addressed conceptually but studied little empirically. Scarcer still are the studies on the relationship between social skills and personality styles/disorders. This paper uses a sample of mostly university students to find possible relationships between social skills, on the one hand, and social anxiety and personality styles/disorders, on the other. The correlations of the total scores for the instruments of social skills and social anxiety were moderate to high and negative; that is, the lower the social skill, the grater the social anxiety, and vice versa. This same level of correlation was also obtained by analyzing the specific dimensions of each construct, which shows that there are shared aspects between social skills and social anxiety. Furthermore, the relationship between social skills an personality disorders varies depending on the specific personality style/disorder. Most correlations are negative, except for histrionic, narcissistic, obsessive-compulsive, and antisocial styles/disorders. These results provide support for a significant part of the interpersonal characteristics of each personality disorder

Social skills training for people with schizophrenia: what do we train? / Entrenamiento en habilidades sociales para personas con esquizofrenia: ¿Qué entrenamos?

This paper gives a broad definition of the characteristics and incidence for schizophrenia, and introduces the various deficits in social skills and social function faced by patients with this disorder. The role of Social Skills Training (SST), which can be used to improve some of these deficiencies in social skills, social function, cognition and competence, including the history and efficacy of such training, is addressed. An outline is given of the Brief Cognitive-Behavioural SST for schizophrenia patients, designed by our clinical research group (University of Barcelona and General Hospital of Igualada, Spain), along with the parameters of the study, risk factors for certain patients and results. We then indicate future directions focusing on the sue of virtual reality as a modern technology to enhance treatment and highlighting potential areas for further study

Este artículo proporciona una definición amplia sobre las características y la incidencia de la esquizofrenia y presenta los distintos déficit en habilidades sociales y en funcionamiento social que sufren los pacientes con este trastorno. Se aborda el papel del entrenamiento en habilidades sociales (EHS), que puede utilizarse para mejorar algunas de estas deficiencias en habilidades sociales, en el funcionamiento social, en las cogniciones y en la competencia, incluyendo la historia y la eficacia de dicho entrenamiento. Se expone un esquema del "EHS cognitivo conductual breve" para pacientes con esquizofrenia desarrollado por nuestro grupo clínico de investigación (Universidad de Barcelona y Hospital General de Igualada, España), junto con los parámetros del estudio, los factores de riesgo para ciertos pacientes y los resultados. Finalmente, presentamos las perspectivas futuras, centrándonos en el uso de la realidad virtual como una tecnología moderna para mejorar el tratamiento y resaltar áreas potenciales para estudios futuros